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What is different types of wool fiber



Wool is amino acid. Repeating unit of which are joined together an acid-amide (-CO-NH-) type of bond
called peptide linkage. Wool protein is called keratin. Wool is a fibrous protein derived from the specialized skin cells and is taken from animals in the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals including: goats, llamas, and rabbits may also be called wool. Wool has several qualities that distinguish it from hair or fur: it is crimped, it has a different texture or handle, it is elastic, and it grows in staples.
Classification of wool
On the basis of length and Diameter
Short & Fine: American Merino-1.5 to 2 inch, Rambouillet – 2.5 to 3.5 inch, Australian Merino – 3 to 5 inch. Medium & Medium: England down – 2 to 4 inches, Correlate – 3 to 7 inches, Long and Coarse:  Romney sheep – 5 to  6 inch, Blackface Highland – 6 to 8 inch, Cotswold – 10 to 14 inch
On the basis of Length they are further classified as Combing wool: It includes the fibers that are combed in preparation of worsted yarns. Its staple length ranges from 2 to 4 inch. Clothing wool: Fibers are les than 2 inch in length and are used in the construction of woolen yearns. Its length ranges from 0.5 to 2 inch.
On the basis of Sheep
Class-I Wool/Marino wool: Merino sheep of Spain produces the best quality wool which is strong, fine, elastic and has good working properties. It has the greatest amount of crimp of all wool fibers and has a maximum numbers of scales to give maximum warmth and spinning qualities.
Class-II Wool: It is obtained from the sheep from England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales. Fiber length ranges from 2 to 8 inch, has a large number of scales per inch and has good crimp. the fibers are strong, fine, elastic, and have good working properties.
Class-III Wool: This class of sheep if found in United Kingdom. The fiber length ranges from 4 to 8 inch, coarser and has fewer scales and less crimp than Merino wool and class II wool. They are smoother and have more luster. They are less elastic and resilient. They are nevertheless of good enough quality to be used for clothing.
Class-IV Wool: This class is actually a group of Mongrel sheep sometimes referred to as half-breeds. The fibers are 1 to 16 inch long, coarser and hair like, have relatively few scales and little crimp and therefore, smoother and more lustrous. It has least elasticity and strength and used mainly for carpets, rugs and inexpensive low-grade clothing.

The Merino Wool The source of merino wool is merino sheep, a bread that originated centuries ago in Spain. (the word “merino” has Spanish roots.) Merino sheep were introduced to Australia in 1794, and they flourished in he island nation’s temperate interior. Today the majority of merino sheep are raised in New Zealand (at high elevations), Australia, South Africa and South America where to climates and the vegetation consumed by sheep contribute to the exceptional quality of merino wool. It is estimated that 1square inch of skin on a merino sheep produces roughly 4 times the number of fibers than other breeds.
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