Classification of cotton On the basis of Maturity

Classification of cotton: On the basis of Maturity

The fiber relates to the development of the cell wall. In other words, maturity is the measure of primary and secondary wall thickness. According to the maturity, cotton fiber is classified into the following three groups:

Mature fiber: well developed secondary cell wall and very small lumen size.

Immature fiber: fibers with thinner secondary cell wall developed. They produce paler shade in dyeing due to their poor absorption capability of dyes.

Dead fiber: Only primary cell wall developed. They remain undyed in dyeing due to their minimum absorption capability of dyes and chemicals. Because of dead fibers, the neps oppear in fabric surface prominently.

Naturally colored cotton organically grown. During the 1990s color grown cotton was back in production, due to the efforts of Sally Fox, an inventor from California, who cultivated long fiber colored cotton, and created her own patented cotton called “Fox Fiber” Naturally colored cotton is a naturally pigmented fiber that grows in shades of green and brown. The natural color is due to the plant’s inherent generic properties. Shades of colored cotton can very over seasons and geographic location due to climate and soil variations. Most fox fiber is grown organically and requires minimal processing because it does not need to be dyed. It is used in a wide variety of products today, including clothing, bedding and furniture.

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macro-structure of cotton fiber | Under a microscope cotton

Under a microscope a cotton fiber appears as a very fine, regular fiber, looking like a twisted ribbon or a collapsed and twisted tube. These twists are called convolutions there are about sixty convolutions per centimeter. The convolutions give cotton an uneven fiber surface, which increases inter-fiber friction and enables fine cotton, yearns of squatted strength to be spun. The appearance of the cotton fiber’s cross sections is referred as being kidney-shaped. The micro structure of cotton The cotton fiber is a single plant cell. Its cross-section is oval, compared with the normal hexagonal plant cell. Cotton has a district cuticle, well developed primary and secondary walls and a lumen. Layer 1 the cuticle is a waxy protective layer that provides water resistance to the fibers as they are growing. This lawyer is removed by scouring during processing before spinning.

Importance of twisted structure of textile fiber

Trelor in his Mather lecture, titled “Twisted Structures” adequately recognizes the role of twist in yarns and the part it plays in the design of textile structures .He discusses the obvious necessity of twist in the natural and staple fibers by pointing out “ Twist is essential to provide a certain minimum coherence between fibers, without a yarn having a significant tensile strength cannot be made. This coherence is dependent on the frictional forces brought into play by the lateral pressures between fibers arising from the application of a tensile stress along the yarn axis. With the introduction of continuous filament yarns, however, the role of twist must be reconsidered. In continuous filament yarns, twist is not necessary for the attainment of tensile strength (in fact, it reduces it) but it is necessary for the achievement of satisfactory resistance to abrasion, fatigue, or other types of damage associated with stresses other than a simple tensile stress, and typified ...

Types of Yarn twist | different types of yarn twist | S twist | Z twist

Types of Yarn twist different types of yarn twist S twist Z twist“S” TWIST: A single yarn has “S” twist if when it is held in the vertical direction , the fibers inclined to the conform in direction of slope of the contact portion of the letter “S”. axis of the yarn “Z” TWIST. A single has “Z” twist if when it is held in the vertical direction, the fibers inclined to the yarn axis conform in the direction of the slope to the central portion of the letter “Z”. DIRECTION OF TWIST: In the designation of yarns, it is essential to specify the direction of twist. Besides its importance in simplifying the trade, it is of great technical importance in designing fabrics. For example, in a twill fabric, the direction of twist in the yarn is of particular importance in determining the predominance of twill effect. For a right-handed twill, the best contrasting effect will be obtained when a yarn with Z twist is used; on the other-hand a left-handed twist will produce a fabric ha...

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