The textile fibers
may be divided into two major groups, and other group also may classified as like this.
(b) Man-made fibers
Physical Properties of Textile Fibers for twist structure
Mechanical Properties of Textile Fibers for twist structure
(b) Man-made fibers
Physical Properties of Textile Fibers for twist structure
α = Actual fibers – usual textile fibers are coarse bundles.
b = Much lower antistatic agents.
Fiber type
|
Name
|
Range of Diameter (m)
|
Density (g/cm3)
|
Initial Modulus (gf/tex)
|
Tenacity (gf/tex)
|
Breaking extension (%)
|
|
Natural
Vegetable
|
Cotton
|
11-22
|
1.52
|
500
|
35
|
7
|
|
Flax
|
5-40α
|
1.52
|
1830
|
55
|
3
|
||
Jute
|
8-30
α
|
1.52
|
1750
|
50
|
2
|
||
Sisal
|
8-40
α
|
1.52
|
2500
|
40
|
2
|
||
Natural Animal
|
Wool
|
18-44
|
1.31
|
250
|
12
|
40
|
|
silk
|
10-15
|
1.34
|
750
|
40
|
23
|
||
Regenerated
|
Viscose rayon
|
12+
|
1.46-1.54
|
500
|
20
|
20
|
|
High tenacity rayon
|
12+
|
1.46-1.54
|
600
|
51
|
10
|
||
Polynosic rayon
|
12+
|
1.49
|
800
|
30
|
8
|
||
Fortisan
|
5+
|
1.49
|
1700
|
60
|
6
|
||
Acetate
|
15+
|
1.32
|
350
|
13
|
24
|
||
Triacetate
|
15+
|
1.32
|
300
|
12
|
30
|
||
Casein
|
17+
|
1.30
|
350
|
10
|
60
|
||
Nylon
|
6
|
14+
|
1.14
|
250
|
32-65
|
30-55
|
|
6.6
|
14+
|
1.14
|
250
|
32-65
|
16-66
|
||
Qian(du Pont)
|
10+
|
1.03
|
25
|
26-36
|
|||
Polyster
|
Dacron (du Pont)
|
12+
|
1.34
|
1000
|
25-54
|
12-55
|
|
Kodel (Estman)
|
12+
|
1.38
|
1000
|
40-50
|
35-45
|
||
Acrylic
|
Orlon (du Pont)
|
12+
|
1.16
|
650
|
20-30
|
20-28
|
|
Acrilan( monsanto)
|
12+
|
1.17
|
650
|
18-25
|
35-50
|
||
Polyolefin
|
Polypropylene
|
091
|
800
|
60
|
20
|
||
Polyethylene
|
0.95
|
30-60
|
10-45
|
||||
Aramid {Nomex(dupoint)}
|
12+
|
1.38
|
36-50
|
2-32
|
|||
Novolid{Kynol(Carborandum)}
|
1.25
|
16
|
35
|
||||
Spandex{ycra(dupoint)}
|
1.21
|
6-8
|
444-555
|
||||
Inorganic
|
Glass
|
5+
|
2.54
|
3000
|
76
|
2-5
|
|
Asbestos
|
0.01-.30 α
|
2.5
|
1300
|
||||
Mechanical Properties of Textile Fibers for twist structure
c = Decomposes
first
d = Does not melt
Name
|
Work of Rupture(g/tex)
|
Elastic resistance 65% rh.
(ohm-cm)
|
Moisture Regain 65% rh. (%)
|
Melting Point(°c)
|
Strength Retentions 20 days
130°c-(%)
|
Attack by Chemicals
Dissolved //Deraded by
|
|
Cotton
|
1.3
|
107
|
7
|
c
|
38
|
Strong
acid
|
|
Flax
|
0.8
|
107
|
7
|
c
|
24
|
Strong
alkalis
|
|
Jute
|
0.5
|
107
|
12
|
c
|
Mildew
|
||
Sisal
|
0.5
|
107
|
8
|
c
|
Light
|
||
Wool
|
3
|
109
|
14
|
c
|
Strong
alkali
|
||
silk
|
6
|
1010
|
10
|
c
|
Acids,
lights
|
||
Viscose rayon
|
3
|
107
|
13
|
c
|
44
|
Acid,
Strong
alkalis, light, mildew
|
|
High tenacity rayon
|
4
|
107
|
13
|
c
|
|||
Polynosic rayon
|
1
|
107
|
11
|
c
|
|||
Fortisan
|
2
|
107
|
11
|
c
|
28
|
||
Acetate
|
2
|
1013b
|
6
|
230
|
Acids,
alkalis, light, acetone acid & alkali light
|
||
Triacetate
|
2
|
>1012b
|
4
|
230
|
|||
Casein
|
4
|
109
|
14
|
c
|
|||
Nylon
|
6
|
6-7
|
>1012b
|
2.8-5
|
225
|
21
|
Strong
Acids
|
6.6
|
6-7
|
>1012b
|
2.8-5
|
250
|
21
|
Oxidizing
agents
|
|
Qian(du Pont)
|
2.5
|
274
|
Light
|
||||
Polyster
|
Dacron (du Pont)
|
2.9
|
>1012b
|
0.4
|
250
|
95
|
Strong
Alkalis
|
Kodel (Estman)
|
9
|
>1012b
|
0.4
|
250
|
95
|
Strong
Alkalis
|
|
Acrylic
|
Orlon (du Pont)
|
5
|
>1012b
|
1.5
|
Sticks at 235
|
Strong
Alkalis
|
|
Acrilan( monsanto)
|
5
|
>1012b
|
1.5
|
d
|
91
|
Strong
Alkalis
|
|
Polyolefin
|
Polypropylene
|
8
|
>1012b
|
0.1
|
165
|
Light
|
|
Polyethylene
|
3
|
>1012b
|
0
|
115
|
Very
resistant
|
||
Aramid {Nomex(du Pont)}
|
7.5
|
6.5
|
Decomposed at 380°c
|
Resistant
|
|||
Novolid{Kynol(Carborandum)}
|
5
|
6
|
Chars-Carbon 300-580
|
Strong
Alkalis
|
|||
Spandex{yacra (du Pont)}
|
18
|
1.3
|
230
|
Resistant
|
|||
Glass
|
1
|
109
|
0
|
800
|
100
|
Very
resistant
|
|
Asbestos
|
1
|
1500
|
Very
resistant
|
||||
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