Reasons for Studying Textiles | Textile physics | Textile raw Materials

A study of textile will show, for example, why certain fabrics are more durable and therefore more serviceable for specific purposes. It will explain why certain fabrics make cool wearing apparel as well as give an impression of coolness when used as decoration. The matter of cleanliness and maintenance must also be estimated before purchasing when that is an important factor.

Complete knowledge of textile will facilitate an intelligent appraisal of standards and brand of merchandise and will develop the ability to distinguish quality in fabrics and, in turn, to appreciate the proper uses for the different qualities. A result, both the consumer merchant and consumer customer will know how to buy and what to buy, and salespeople will know how to render good service to those consumers who have not had the advantage of a formal        course in textiles.Great strides have been made in the textile industry, and have markedly influenced our general economic growth. The prosperity and growth of related industries, such as retail apparel stores, have produced broader employment opportunities. Competition for the consumer’s dollar has fostered the creation of new textile fibers with specific qualities to compete with well-established fibers. New fiber blends have been created to combine many of these qualities into new types of yarns with new trademarks. There are also new names for fabrics made of these new fibers and yarns. New finishes have been developed to add new and interesting characteristics to fibers, yarn and fabrics.

This welter of creativity and the myriad of trademarks present a challenge to the consumer, who is sometimes knowledgeable but frequently confused. Yet one need not be. Without being overly technical, this information can be easily understood and consequently very useful to the consumer in business and personal to the consumer in business and personal life. All of this information can be adopted for such utilitarian benefits as economy, durability, serviceability and comfort, as well as for such aesthetic values as hand (or feel), texture, design and color.

USEFUL PURPOSES OF STUDYING TEXTILE   PHYSICS:-

The useful purpose of studying textile physics are:-

1. To understand the detailed structure of fiber, yarn and fabrics
2. To understand the properties of fiber, yarn and fabrics.
3. To understand the behavior of fiber, yarn and fabrics in end condition.
4. To become able to design fiber, yarn and fabric having the required properties to meet the end-user requirements.
5. To identify faults & their causes & nature in fiber, yarn and fabrics.

TEXTILE RAW MATERIALS:

The general description of the fibers that in most cases form the raw material from which yarns and fabrics are produced (yarns may also be made from ribbons, slit films, and splitting of plastic films). Until recently, most textiles were produced from fibers of primarily natural origin. The important natural fibers presently in use for apparel applications are cotton, wool, silk, and  flax. These fibers have certain inherent characteristics that make them suitable for conversion into fabrics that are most commonly used in day-to-day wear. In addition, there are many other natural fibers, such as, jute, hemp, ramie, sisal, kenaf , and kapok , that have been utilized for certain specific end-uses.

In recent years, this list has been supplemented by a variety of new fibers called man-made fibers (which include regenerated and synthetic types). Most of the developments in the field of regenerated and synthetic fibers have been directed toward simulating the properties of natural fibers and towards utilizing the production techniques already employed in the processing of the natural yarns. However, the introduction of these fibers has caused great changes in technology and processing techniques; some of these are quite different from those used in the manufacture of conventional spun yarns. Our purpose here, therefore, is to discuss the general classification of the textile fibers and the properties that make them suitable for conversion into yarns and fabrics.