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A study of textile will show, for example, why certain fabrics are more durable and therefore more serviceable for specific purposes. It will explain why certain fabrics make cool wearing apparel as well as give an impression of coolness when used as decoration. The matter of cleanliness and maintenance must also be estimated before purchasing when that is an important factor. Complete knowledge of textile will facilitate an intelligent appraisal of standards and brand of merchandise and will develop the ability to distinguish quality in fabrics and, in turn, to appreciate the proper uses for the different qualities. A result, both the consumer merchant and consumer customer will know how to buy and what to buy, and salespeople will know how to render good service to those consumers who have not had the advantage of a formal        course in textiles.Great strides have been made in the textile industry, and have markedly influenced our general eco...

Cotton is the seed hair of shrub plant which bears the botanical name GOSSYPIUM, a member of the Mallow family, cultivated as an annual plant. There are about 50 species of cotton plants however, only four of them have attained commercial importance. 1.    Gossypium Borbagense: i)                    Plants are generally 6 – 15 ft. in height, yellow flowers. ii)                 Fiber length ranges from 38 to 102 mm. iii)               Sea Islan , egyption cotton and American cotton belong to this class. 2.      gossypium harbaceum: i)                    The plants are like bush and generally 3 – 6 ft. in high, yellow flowe...

Textile technology is very important for better yarn or fabric, the better fabric helps the developing garments products like t-shirt, jeans polo shirt etc. The terms of textile originally applied only on woven fabric. But the terms textile and plural textile are also applied to fibers filament and yarns. Natural and manufacturing and most products for which these are principal raw materials. In the structure of fabric, Fabric is a flexible planar substance constructed from solution. Fibers, yarns, or fabrics in any combination. Yarn manufacturing technology is the first process of textile technology. Yarns are collect from different spinning mill. Where used different raw materials. In this process and it’s the first step of yarn processing.   Raw Cotton >> Blow Room>>Lap Lap>>Carding>>Carded Sliver Carded Sliver>>Drawing 1>>Drawn Sliver Breaker Sliver>>Drawing 2>>Finisher Drawn Sliver Finisher Drawn Sliver>>Si...

TWIST AND FIBER PACKING IN YARNS: Yarn structure can be described in a simple idealized form is the packing of fibers in yarns. Schwarz has theorized that the packing of circular fibers can be described by two basic forms; I) Open packing and   2) Hexagonal close packing. OPEN PACKING: In this form the fibers lie in layers between successive concentric circles, as shown in figure below. In this assembly, the first layer is a single core fiber around which six fibers. arranged so that the fibers first touch the circle that circumscribes the second layer. Additional layers are added between the successive circumscribing circles. The number of fibers in each layer and the total number of fibers in an ideally packed open structure are given in table below: CONCENTRATING FACTORS: 1)       One of the concentrating features is the general tendency of the fibers to follow the path of minimum energy. In addition, they tend to settle down and co...

yarn geometry has been discussed by Schwarz and later by Woods and Treloar. Schwarz argued that in the measurement of yarn diameter, the value obtained corresponds to the diameter of the circle (d), which circumscribes the outer layer of fibers as shown in image. But in the measurement of twist angle (by a microscopy technique), it is the edges of the fibers in the outer layer that are observed. Therefore, the effective twist angle measurement is made at a diameter represented by the cylinder containing the centers of fibers in the outer layers. The modified equation (B) then becomes:                      tan α     = π (d -   d’ / h)/ h   ……………………………………….( 8)                                 ...

The translation of the physical properties of textile fibers into textile structures, such as yarns and fabrics is a function of both the fiber properties and the geometric configuration they assume in the ultimate end product. Earlier studies of the relationship between yarn structure and properties have been along empirical or semi-empirical lines. However, many technologists who are concerned with the evaluation of the physical properties of textile structures have realized that these relationships are governed by same physical and engineering concepts as those e\used so successfully in the characterization of more classic structural materials such as steel and concrete. Hearle and Backer have given an excellent account of the progressive development of the ideas in this field of study. Nevertheless, it is considered appropriate to consider some basic concepts that are relevant to the study of yarn structure and properties. One such aspect is the understanding of the geometry of t...

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